Can a Subject teacher create chapters and topics from his/her login?

No, Subject teachers do not have access to create chapters and topics. The reason being, the Subjects are created against the class. But, subject teachers are assigned to sections. Hence, access is not available to them.

Class Coordinator, principal, and system admin users have access to create subjects, chapters, topics, and teaching plans.

Subject teachers can only update the teaching plan with the details of how the lesson was taught.